In this sense, the application of biomolecular analyses, such as aDNA and ancient protein analyses, can help to overcome some of the limitations of traditional archaeozoological and palaeontological methods. Specifically, the study of proteins preserved in fossil bones and teeth has, over the last decade, become an important tool for improving our understanding of human evolution and the way of life of prehistoric societies. The study of proteins, such as collagen and amelogenin, allows us to taxonomically identify unidentifiable fossil remains, estimate biological sex and assess the phylogenetic relationships between different species.

In this talk, we will discuss how applying a multidisciplinary approach, integrating paleoproteomics, archaeozoology, and taphonomy, to the study of faunal remains provides new insights to disentangle human-prey-environment interactions during the Late Pleistocene with higher resolution.