Fossil evidence from several northern African Eocene localities indicates an unexpectedly early diversification of anthropoids, giving rise to two alternative scenarios: a single dispersal of an Asian stem anthropoid followed by rapid in situ radiation or multiple independent dispersals of distinct Asian clades before the late middle Eocene. The late middle Eocene (∼39–38 Ma) locality of Dur At-Talah, Libya, provides critical evidence for evaluating these hypotheses. Previously, three anthropoids were reported from the site: Biretia piveteaui (basal parapithecid), Talahpithecus parvus (early oligopithecid), and Afrotarsius libycus (stem eosimiiform). Here, we describe additional anthropoid materials that reveal greater taxonomic diversity than previously recognized. We establish a new taxon, Saharopithecus salemi gen. et sp. nov., a morphologically distinctive form of uncertain phylogenetic position that shares molar characters with both proteopithecids and propliopithecids. Additional specimens are referred to Talahpithecus sp. and Afrotarsius sp., increasing the documented anthropoid diversity at Dur At-Talah to at least four taxa.